Toughness and Matching Extension in {\mathcal{P}_3}-Dominated Graphs

Let G be a connected graph. For ${x,y\in V(G)}$ with d(x, y) = 2, we define ${J(x,y)= \{u \in N(x)\cap N(y)\mid N[u] \subseteq N[x] \,{\cup}\,N[y] \}}$ and ${J'(x,y)= \{u \in N(x) \cap N(y)\,{\mid}\,{\rm if}\ v \in N(u){\setminus}(N[x] \,{\cup}\, N[y])\ {\rm then}\ N[x] \,{\cup}\, N[y]\,{\cup}\,N[u]{\setminus}\{x,y\}\subseteq N[v]\}}$ . A graph G is quasi-claw-free if ${J(x,y) \not= \emptyset}$ for each pair (x, y) of vertices at distance 2 in G. Broersma and Vumar (in Math Meth Oper Res. doi:10.1007/s00186-008-0260-7) introduced ${\mathcal{P}_{3}}$ -dominated graphs defined as ${J(x,y)\,{\cup}\, J'(x,y)\not= \emptyset}$ for each ${x,y \in V(G)}$ with d(x, y) = 2. This class properly contains that of quasi-claw-free graphs, and hence that of claw-free graphs. In this note, we prove that a 2-connected ${\mathcal{P}_3}$ -dominated graph is 1-tough, with two exceptions: K _2,3 and K _1,1,3, and prove that every even connected ${\mathcal{P}_3}$ -dominated graph ${G\ncong K_{1,3}}$ has a perfect matching. Moreover, we show that every even (2p + 1)-connected ${\mathcal{P}_3}$ -dominated graph is p-extendable. This result follows from a stronger result concerning factor-criticality of ${\mathcal{P}_3}$ -dominated graphs.     

Path-Factors in the Square of a Tree

In this paper, we give a necessary condition for the existence of P ₃-factor in the square of a tree. Furthermore, we show that the square of any tree on at least 6 vertices has a {P ₃,P ₄}-factor. As a consequence, every connected graph on at least 6 vertices has a {P ₃,P ₄}-factor. Zhao Zhang: The research is supported by NSFC (60603003) and XJEDU. Received: November 15, 2006. Final version received: December 12, 2007.     

Noncommutative maximal ergodic theorems for positive contractions

Let M be a von Neumann algebra equipped with a normal semifinite faithful trace τ. Let T be a positive linear contraction on M such that τ○T?τ and such that the numerical range of T as an operator on L₂(M) is contained in a Stoltz region with vertex 1. We show that Junge and Xu's noncommutative Stein maximal ergodic inequality holds for the powers of T on Lp(M), 1<p?∞. We apply this result to obtain the noncommutative analogue of a recent result of Cohen concerning the iterates of the product of a finite number of conditional expectations.     

On the spectral radius of ‡-shape trees

Let A(G) be the adjacency matrix of G. The characteristic polynomial of the adjacency matrix A is called the characteristic polynomial of the graph G and is denoted by φ(G, λ) or simply φ(G). The spectrum of G consists of the roots (together with their multiplicities) λ ₁(G) ? λ ₂(G) ? … ? λ _n (G) of the equation φ(G, λ) = 0. The largest root λ ₁(G) is referred to as the spectral radius of G. A ?-shape is a tree with exactly two of its vertices having maximal degree 4. We will denote by G(l ₁, l ₂, … l ₇) (l ₁ ? 0, l _i ? 1, i = 2, 3, …, 7) a ?-shape tree such that $G\left( {l_1 ,l_2 , \ldots l_7 } \right) - u - v = P_{l_1 } \cup P_{l_2 } \cup \ldots P_{l_7 }$ , where u and v are the vertices of degree 4. In this paper we prove that ${{3\sqrt 2 } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{3\sqrt 2 } 2}} \right. \kern-0em} 2} < \lambda _1 \left( {G\left( {l_1 ,l_2 , \ldots l_7 } \right)} \right) < {5 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {5 2}} \right. \kern-0em} 2}$ .     

带有加权Lipschitz函数的交换子的有界性

研究了由加权Lipschitz函数b和Calderón-Zygmund奇异积分算子T生成的交换子Tb在一些加权空间上的有界性,涉及到加权Hardy空间,加权Herz空间及和加权Herz型Hardy空间.同时也得到了其相应的端点估计.     

逐段单调函数迭代根的不存在性

对于一类非单调连续映射,即逐段单调函数,当它存在特征区间时,结果是丰富的.本文讨论的是相反的情形,也就是不存在特征区间的时候.本文部分回答了文章[Ann. Polon. Math., 1997, 65(2): 119--128]中的公开问题一.     

Compactons in a class of nonlinearly quintic equations

We introduce a nonlinear dispersive quintic equation. Its travelling waves are governed by a linear equation. We construct a large variety of explicit compact solitary waves. Some of these compactons are very robust, others decompose very quickly. Numerical simulations also reveal the existence of compact travelling breathers.     

Estimates of commutators for multilinear operators on Herz-type spaces

In this paper, the boundedness of mulitilinear commutator [b,T] on Herz-type space is considered, where T is a standard Calderón-Zygmund singular operator and b ∈ (BMO(Rn))m.